Fuel-oil-burning apparatus



April 24, 1928. 1,667,404

R. C. WHEELER FUEL OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 5, 1926 INVENTDR.

Patented Apr. 24, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT C. O! TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA, ABBIGNOB '10 SUPERIOR EN- GIKEEBING COMPANY LIMITED, 01' TORONTO, CANADA.

FUEL-OIL-BU BNING APPARATUS.

Application filed October 5, 1928. Serial No. 189,678.

This invention relates to oil burning apparatus intended particularly for domestic heating purposes, and in which a mixture of oil and air is burned, the air being forced to the nozzle under pressure by means of a blower.

The chief object in the present invention is to devise improved control means adapted to maintain a substantially constant ratio 30 of air and oil supply and to ensure the cutting oil' of the oil supply should the air supply be cut ofi due to failure of the electric power b which the blower will usually be driven, t us preventing a dangerous accumulation of oil while the air is shut off.

A further object is to devise an improved construction of combustionchamber whereby the flame will be spread laterally and radially and thus directed against the sides of the firepot of the furnace instead of'upwardly and thus directly against the top of the firepot. v

I attain my object by means of the constructions hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, showing my improved ap aratus;

Fig. 2 a plan view of part of t 1e control mechanism;

Fig. 3 a sectional detail of the burner nozzle; n

Fig. 4 a sectional view of the combustion chamber, and

Fig. 5 an enlargeddetail of part of the oil control. p

In the drawings like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures.

1 is the combustion chamber of a furnace, which may, for example, be an ordinary domestic hot air furnace -or hot water boiler.

In this chamber is located the firepot 2, which is provided with an opening 3 1n one side through which the burner nozzle is adapted to discharge. Preferably this firepot is circular in plan and'the nozzle is tangentially arra-n ed relative there to. Preferably also the re pot 1s provided with an inwardly and sli htly downwardly directed flange 4. I nd that with the circular firepot and the tangentially arranged nozzle that the flame is given a rotary motion, while the inwardly and downwardly directed flange tends to give the flame its outward lateral direction.

The nozzle consists of an air tube 5 in which is centrally arranged the oil tube 6.- The mouth of the oil tube is preferabl substantially in alinement with the mout of the air tube. A short distance back of the mouth of the oil tube I form a plurality of holes 7 through which air may enter the oil tube and become mixed with the oil, and to ensure that suflicient air will enter the oil tube through these holes I provide within the air tube an annular shoulder 8 which is adapted to create a greater ressure of air at that oint and thus ten s to direct a portion of t e air through the holes 7 into the oil tube.

9 is a blower, which is driven by means of an electric motor 10, which blower supplies air through the ipes 11 to the pipe 5 which extends into t e firepot and forms part of the nozzle.

12 is a storage tank for oil from which oil is led through the pipe 13, the float chamber 14, the pipe'15, the regulator 16 to the tube 6, which extends within the tube 5 and as before stated forms part of the burner nozzle.

In the ipe 13 is placed a manually con trolled va ve 17 and also a cut-off tri valve 18, from the handle of which is ung a. bucket 19. An overflow tube 20 leads from the float chamber 14 and is adapted to discharge into this bucket 19. Should therefore too great a flow of oil pass through the float chamber 14, oil will overflow through the tube 20 into the bucket 19 and the weight of the oil inthe bucket will actuate the lever of the valve 18 to shut off the oil supply.

vIt is important, also, that the oil supply be cut ofi if the air supply .fails for any reason such as the shuttm down of the electric motor 10. I there ore provide in the pipe 15 a valve 38, which is provided with an operating lever 21 to the end of which is connected a chain 22 or' the like connected with a weighted dia hra 23 of a chamber 24 connected with t e air supply pipe 11. While air pressure is main- 106 tamed in the chamber 24 the diaphragm will be held in raised position, but if from any cause the air pressure should fall, the diaphragm will drop, ulling down on the lever 21 to close the va ve.

As an additional recaution I rovide means for shutting 0d the supply o oil in the event of the fire going out for any reason. I therefore provide below the firepot the overflow tray 25, while I provide a lever 26 pivoted intermediate its ends, one end being adapted to overlie the lever 21. From the lever 26 is suspended a bucket 27 into which a pipe 28 from the overflow tray is adapted to discharge. It will thus be seen that should the fire go out and the oil continues to flow, it will overflow into the tray 25, thence through the pipe 28 into the bucket 27, sufficient weight of oil the lever 26 will be actuated, which in turn actuates the lever 21 and closes the valve 38; The other end of the lever 26 carries an adjustable weight 33 adapted to counterbalance the weight of the bucket 27.

It is desirable, also, to maintain a substantially constant ratio in the supply of .oil and air to the burner nozzle. I therefore inthe oil supply pipe 15 provide a needle valve 29, the needle of which is carr'ied by a float in a float chamber 31. An air by-pass'32 extends from the air tube 5 back to this float chamber 31. It will thus be seen that the greater the air pressure in the air supply pipe, the reater the pressure exerted on the oil in the consequently a greater quantity of oil will be forced from the float chamber and as the float will also naturall fall, a greater supply of oil will be permitted to enter the float chamber.

34 is a casing divided by a partition 35. To one side of this partition leads the oil pipe 16, while from the other side leads the oil tube 6 of the nozzle. In the partition 35 are arranged a series of vertically spaced holes 36 for the passage of oil from one side of the partition to the other. With this arrangement, the greater the pressure exerted on the oilin the chamber 31 through the by-pass 32, the higher the oil will rise in-the casing 34, and consequently a reater ass to the 011 tu e6. In the air pipe provide a hinged flap valve 37. Thls flap valve will normally be held closed by pressure of the air passing through the air pipe, but will open if the' pressure falls, andeven if the pressure is again raised, the flap valve will'remain open until manually closed.

It will thus be seen that I have devised very simple means for controlling or shutting down the apparatus in the event of anything getting out of order in the apparatus, viz, by cutting off the oil supply through the overflow from the float valve 14 in the case and upon the accumulation of a oat chamber 31 and of too great a supply of oil passing throu 'h said float valve; by cutting ofi' the supp lya of oil should the air supply fail; and by cutting oil the supply of oil should the fire be extinguished.

It will also be seen that I have devised simple means for maintaining a. substantially constant ratio between the oil and air supply.

What I claim is:

1. In oil burning apparatus, the combination of a burner nozzle; an air supply pipe adapted to supply air to said nozzle; an oil supply pipe adapted to supply oil to said nozzle; a valve in said oil,supply pipe; a lever controlling-said valve; a diaphragm chamber connected with said air pipe; a diaphragm adapted to be held in a raised position by pressure of air in said chamber; means connecting said lever anddiaphragm whereby the lever may be actuated; a second lever adapted to actuate the first mentioned lever; and means for collecting oil from said nozzle adapted when a suflicient weight of oil has accumulated to actuate said second lever to rock the first mentioned lever to close the valve.

2. In oil burning apparatus, the combination of a burner nozzle; an air supply pipe adapted to supply air to said nozzle; an oi supply pipe adapted to supply oil to said nozzle; a valve in said oil supply pipe; a lever controlling said valve; a diaphragm chamber connected with said air pipe; a diaphragm adapted to be held in a ralsed position by pressureof air in said chamber; means connecting said lever and diaphragm whereby the lever may be actuated; a second lever adapted to actuate the first mentioned lever; a receptacle supported by said second lever and adapted to actuate the same when filled with suflicient weight of oil; a second valve controlling said oil pipe; a float chamber; a float in said chamber controlling said second valve; an overflow pipe from said float chamber adapted to discharge in said receptacle; and an overflow pipe from the nozlzle adapted to discharge in said receptac e.

3. In oilburning apparatus, the combination of a burner nozzle; an air supply pipe adapted to supply air to said nozzle, said air pipe having an opening therein; a hinged flap valve controlling said opening; an oil supply pipe adapted to supply oil to said nozzle; a valve in said oil suppl pipe; a lever controlling said valve; a (iaphragm chamber connected with said air pipe; a diaphrag)m adapted to be held in a raised position y pressure of air in said chamber; means connecting said leverand diaphragm whereby the lever maybe actuated; a second lever adapted to actuate the first mentioned lever; and means for collectin oil from said nozzle adapted when a sufiicient weight aae of oil has accumulated to actuate said second lever to rock the first mentioned lever to close the valve.

4. In oil burning apparatus the combination of a burner nozzle; an oil supply pipe adapted to supply oil to said nozzle; a. valve in said .oil supply pipe; alever controlling said valve; a second lever adapted to actuate the first mentioned lever; a receptacle supported by said second lever and adapted to actuate the same when filled with sufficient weight of oil; a second valve controlling said oil pipe; a float chamber; a float in said chamber controlling said second valve; an overflow pipe from said float chamber adapted to discharge in said receptacle; an air supply pipe adapted to supply air to the nozzle a. diaphragm chamber connected with said air pipe; a diaphragm adapted to be held in a raised position by pressure of air 'in said chamber; and means connecting the diaphragm with the first mentioned lever whereby the lever may be actuated.

Signed at Toronto, Canada, this 14th day of April, 1926.

- ROBERT C. WHEELER. 

